| Application |
Impacts |
How the impacts can be enhanced |
| The UN World Food Programme and Macro International are developing
nutrition indicators in Cambodia. Indicators such as stunting and
underweight rates are being mapped at the commune level. |
The nutrition indicators will improve targeting of health services
in Cambodia next fiscal year (2003-2004). The indicators have preliminarily
influenced the targeting of a “Mother and Child Health” program
in some Cambodian provinces. |
Other data such as economic potential could be incorporated for
more sophisticated analyses. |
| Maps of poverty, sanitation, water supply, and cholera incidence
were used to help contain a cholera outbreak in South Africa’s
KwaZulu Natal province in early 2001. |
An environmental health strategy – that heavily relied
on these maps – effectively contained cholera within three
months. This achieved one of the world’s lowest ever recorded
fatality rates at 0.22% (among approximately 100,000 cases). |
Compatible data sets are vital in analyses and for data comparisons.
The combination of data indicates the potential of using poverty
maps for environmental and other applications.A collaborative interagency
approach, involving Statistics South Africa, Department of Health,
and Department of Water Affairs, was extremely beneficial. |
| Friends of the Earth UK compared poverty and pollution maps in
England and Wales to evaluate if poorer communities are indeed
at higher risk to cancer causing emissions. Average income by postcode
was used to map poverty, and compared to emissions levels. |
This raised awareness that poorer communities are more likely
to be exposed to health risks. The study showed that 66% of carcinogenic
emissions are concentrated in the poorest areas. |
This information is being used to lobby the government the need
to for policy measures to reduce industrial pollution. |
| A DFID programme will develop, test, and refine tools to link
poverty and health data in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and Eastern
Europe (14). |
This will assist in planning health services for the poor by
improving the collection of health and related data, monitoring
and performance of health systems, and evaluation of health sector
reform. |
Synergy with programs working on poverty mapping is vital. The
DFID programme will draw on best practices on using indicators
for measuring, monitoring, and evaluating health system performance. |
| The Global Programme for Health Policy is developing sub-national
global poverty maps for global disease risk mapping (15).
It will use city lights/income data to create regional and global
poverty
maps. |
This will raise awareness on the need to include poverty maps
in evaluating global disease risk. |
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