| Application |
Impacts |
How the impacts can be enhanced |
| District level poverty maps will be used in Vietnam’s Comprehensive
poverty Reduction and Growth Strategy. |
The use of poverty maps is anticipated to improve targeting of
poverty alleviation efforts in Vietnam’s CPRGS, which amongst
other things, aims to:Provide new jobs to approximately 1.4-1.5
million people per yearImprove education quality especially for
the poor (approximately US$ 1 billion) Provide clean water to 85%
of the rural populationUpgrade irrigation servicesStrengthen grass-roots
health services (US$820 million) Upgrade information disseminationImprove
roadsExpand social protection and credit opportunities to poor
households. |
Coordination of investment in poverty mapping development, analysis,
distribution, and use is needed, although a relatively small investment
in poverty mapping can have an impact on improved targeting of
billions of dollars. There is also a need to build local capacity
in poverty mapping and spatial analysis, and to combine expertise
from different sectors. |
| Mexico’s poverty map is being used by the ministry of social
development in several of its poverty alleviation programs. |
The use of poverty maps will inform and improve the targeting
of around 20 different poverty alleviation programs. Some of these
programs influence an estimated 4.8million poor households, providing
education, employment opportunities, and nutrition services to
approximately 600,000 families in extreme poverty. |
Awareness needs to be raised on the potential multiple uses of
poverty maps. |
| The Government of Senegal is using poverty mapping to help coordinate
a wide variety of government activities related to implementing
the National Poverty Reduction Strategy. |
Poverty maps have been used in parliament to help facilitate
discussion. The poverty maps are providing an important lobbying
tool for clear and transparent targeting. |
Additional research needs to be conducted to better integrate
cultural and social perceptions of poverty into maps. This will
help ensure more effective and democratic use of poverty maps.Greater
understanding is also needed about how decision makers make decisions,
and how information can be best presented to influence them. |
| The Government of Nicaragua heavily relies on Nicaragua’s
poverty map in its Strengthened Growth and Poverty Reduction Strategy. |
Using poverty maps will improve the allocation of US$1.1 billion
in Nicaragua’s SGPRS funds over five years (2001-05), by
helping to identify poor regions and marginalized communities,
influencing the development of new health clinics and upgrading
hospital services, influencing investment in education in especially
poor areas, promoting increased participation by civil society
and transparent decision making. |
Poverty maps should be used together with other tools and methods
including community consultations and sector-specific indicatorsThe
use of a collaborative, multi-institutional approach in developing
Nicaragua’s poverty map has encouraged its use. |
| Brazil’s “Alvorada Program”, aims to improve
the quality of life of the extreme poor. This programme used the
poverty map which was derived from Human Development Indicators. |
The use of poverty maps influenced the allocation of approximately
US$4.2 million in Brazil’s Alvorada Program funds (2000-02),
and provided Brazil’s poorest municipalities with:Literacy
training to more than 1 million young adults (aged 15-29) and remedial
courses to 525,000 students; Safe water and sanitation to more
than 1.3 million families and 16,000 schools; 6,000 new family
health care teams to serve 31 million people.Improved renewable
energy services by providing solar kits to 12,000 schools and health
care posts.The programme also transferred US$108 million for infrastructure
and development programs, and ignited media and local policy debates
in which reference to the HDI has become common. |
The data used in constructing poverty maps must be carefully
chosen, verified and properly referenced: One Brazilian municipality
attempted to sue UNDP over its HDI ranking, not realizing that
the indicator was based on older (1991) data. |
| Provincial and municipal government departments in Ecuador have
used socio-economic indicators in participative community planning.
The maps were made from small area estimation of poverty at the
canton and parish level and combined with biodiversity data. |
Using poverty maps helped to democratize decision making by identifying,
verifying, and prioritizing community needs.In the Cotopaxi province
the participative planning process involved 300 grassroots delegates
including a significant proportion of indigenous population representation.In
the Guatamote province poverty maps were in part responsible to
redirect greater financial support to rural areas: 75% of the county’s
budget is currently directed to rural areas, compared to the previously
allocated 25%. |
Extensive training to government officials, decision makers,
NGO planners, and other users is needed to help ensure that poverty
map and analysis results are correctly interpreted, integrated,
and used. Active participation of potential users in designing
indicators and maps is required to further stimulate data use. |
